Machine Shop is using MasterCAM for CAM, but we are CAD-agnostic. You can still use F360 for CAM, but you don’t have to because we have some (local use) licenses for MasterCAM.
The Fusion360 free version is usable but has some limitations that some people, especially machine shop users, find egregious (e.g., no tool rapids). Autodesk just raised the F360 subscription price about 40%.
I have become quite disenchanted with Autodesk’s business practices regarding Fusion 360, but I’m too lazy to learn another CAD system.
If I were just starting to learn something, I would stay away from F360. I would learn SolidWorks for the CAD and then MasterCAM for the CAM.