My freshman year in college (1972), some classes allowed them in labs not during exams, you could use a slide rule. (Of course unless you had a five foot long slide rule you couldn’t get enough significant digits to be accurate enough for an answer so you had to do it long hand).
Engineering and Pre-med students all had HP calculators that cost about $300 ($1,919 in 2021 dollars). My first semester of tuition and fees at Cal. St. Uni., Long Beach was $78 for 18 units ($500 in 2021 dollars, my books cost more). By the fall of 1974 prices for a 5 basic functions (= + - * / SQRT calculators were down to about $100 and NEC came out with a bunch of calculators that specialized in financial, statistical, math (mainly trig) functions with some memory plus little 3" magnetic strips you could program (I got the statistical one one because they were allowed in exams by spring of 1974).
The one that I recall broke the price barrier open was Litronix with M- & M- memory and their warranty against breakage - the TV ad had a car run over one crushing it and getting replaced.
[Advertisement], Chicago Tribune, December 26, 1974, p. N9. Litronix 2260R, regularly priced at $89.95, on sale for $68.88.
Calculators ate batteries big time and the Litronix would get warm.
My first IBM PC clone in 1986 4.33 MHz, 640K RAM, 40MB (that’s FORTY Megs which means in had a partition becuase it exceeded 32MB) was $2,800 ($6,719 in today’s dollars). But for those dollars I did get a VGA monitor and a modem card that was the max speed allowed by the FCC.